Malaria Disease

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite which is Plasmodium class, where the process is transmitted through the bite of Anopheles mosquito. Protozoan parasites of this type spread in many tropical regions, for example in the Americas, Asia and Africa.

There are four types of plasmodium parasites are able to infect humans, but which are often encountered in cases of malaria are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Others are Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae.

• Signs and symptoms of malaria disease
The period of bud / incubation of this disease can be a few days to several months later appeared before the signs and symptoms complained of by patients such as fever, chills, shooting pain or joint pain, sometimes vomiting, looks pale / anemis, enlarged liver and spleen, urine looks cloudy / thick because they contain hemoglobin (hemoglobinuria), felt tingling in the skin and having spasms.

However, it is revealed classic signs of feeling a sudden chill, followed by stiffness and then the appearance of fever and sweating a lot after 4 to 6 hours later, this takes place every two days. Among this period, the patient may feel healthy as before. At the age of the children malaria attack can cause strange symptoms, such as showing movement / posture as a result of abnormal brain cavity pressure. Even more seriously can lead to brain damage.

• Classification of Disease Manifestation of Malaria
There are several forms of malaria disease manifestations, among others:
- Malaria tertiana, Caused by Plasmodium vivax, in which patients feel the fever appears every third day.
- Malaria quartana, Caused by Plasmodium malariae, the patient felt a fever every fourth day.
- cerebral malaria, caused by Plasmodium falciparum, patients experience irregular fever with symptoms in the brain, coma and even entered the phase of sudden death.
- Pernicious malaria, Caused by Plasmodium vivax, symptoms can arise very suddenly, like a stroke, coma accompanied by symptoms of severe malaria.

• Enforcing Malaria Diagnosis
With the signs and symptoms complained of and seen by the health team, it will be soon conducted laboratory tests (especially blood tests) to determine the cause and diagnosis to be given to patients.

• Malaria Treatment
Based on the examination, either directly from the complaints that arise as well as more focused on results laboratium then the doctor will give you some medicine to patients. Among them is the administration of drugs to lower fever such as paracetamol, vitamins to increase endurance in an attempt to help the healing.

While the antimalarial drug typically used is Chloroquine, Because the price is cheap and so far proven effective as a cure for malaria in the world. But there are some patients who are resistant to the granting of Chloroquine, so some doctors will give others like Artesunate-Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine antimalarial, artesunate-amodiaquine, Artesunat-piperquine, artemether-lumefantrine, and Dihidroartemisinin-piperquine.

• Malaria Prevention
Prevention of malaria can be done with cleaning Nest Mosquito, trying to avoid mosquito bites, or the prevention efforts by the administration of drugs Chloroquine when visiting malaria endemic areas.

Read more...

AIDS

This time I will try to discuss about the definition of AIDS disease, the cause of AIDS, patterns or modes of transmission of AIDS and the handling and treatment given to patients with HIV + or AIDS.

AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. AIDS is a disease caused as a result of breeding the HIV virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in the human body, which it attacks white blood cells (CD4 cells) that cause damage to the immune system. The loss or reduction in body resistance is easy to make the patient infected with various diseases including even mild illness.

The virus HIV attacks CD4 cells and makes it a breeding ground of new HIV virus, and then destroying it so it can not be used again. As we all know that white blood cells is necessary for the immune system. Without the body's immune system so when we are attacked by disease, our body is weak and does not attempt to fight outbreaks of disease and consequently we may die even if exposed to influenza or common cold.

When the human body exposed to the HIV virus it is not directly cause or suffer from AIDS, but needed a long time and even years for HIV to cause AIDS or HIV positive are deadly.
1. HIV-AIDS virus transmission mode1. Through the blood. eg blood transfusion, blood exposed to HIV + on the injured skin, syringes, etc..

2. Through semen, semen (sperm or semen Men). for example, a man sex with their partners without using condoms or other safeguards, oral sex, etc.

3. Through the vaginal fluid in women. for example: Women who have intercourse without a safety net, borrowing and lending of sex aids, oral sex, etc..

4. Through mother's milk (breast milk). for example; Baby drinking milk from women hiv +, men drinking breast milk spouse, etc..

The body fluids that contain no HIV virus in people with HIV + among others Saliva (saliva or saliva), feces (stool or feces), tears, sweat Water
and Urine (Urine or urine).
• Signs and symptoms of AIDS DiseaseA person affected by the HIV virus in the early onset generally do not provide the typical signs and symptoms, patients only have a fever for 3 to 6 weeks depending on the immune system when it got in contact with HIV virus. Once conditions improved, people affected by the HIV virus will stay healthy in recent years and slowly decreased body kekebelan / weak to fall ill because of recurrent fever attacks. One way to get certainty is to undergo HIV antibody test especially if a person feels has conducted activities at risk of contracting the HIV virus.

The signs and symptoms seen in AIDS patients include the following:

1. Respiratory tract. Patients experiencing shortness of breath, stop for a moment of breath, cough, chest pain and fever bleak other viral infections (pneumonia). Not infrequently the diagnosis at an early stage of HIV disease AIDS suspected tuberculosis.

2. Digestive tract. AIDS disease patients showed signs and symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, often experiencing fungal diseases in the oral cavity and esophagus, as well as having a chronic diarhea.

3. Body weight. Patients experiencing the so called wasting syndrome, namely loss of body weight up to 10% below normal due to disturbances in protein and energy systems in the body as it is known as malnutrition as well as interference absorption / absorption of food in the digestive system resulting in chronic diarhea, conditions tired and weak less powerful.

4. Nervous system. The occurrence of central nervous disorders resulting in less memory, headaches, difficulty concentrating, are often looked confused and slow response limbs. At the end of the nervous system (Peripheral) will cause pain and tingling in the palm of the hand and foot, the tendon reflexes are less, always have low blood pressure monitor and Impotence.

5. System Integument (skin Network). Patients experiencing an attack of chickenpox virus (herpes simplex) or carar fire (herpes zoster) and various skin diseases that cause pain in the skin tissue. Others are experiencing hair on the skin tissue infections (Folliculities), stained dry skin (outer layer of skin cracks) and Eczema or psoriasis.

6. Urinary and reproductive tract in women. Patients often have a fungal disease of the vagina, it is as an early sign of HIV infection. Injury to the urinary tract, suffering from the disease than men syphillis and then more numerous women who suffered from smallpox. Other people with AIDS are women many of which become inflamed cavity (bone), pelvic known as the term 'pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)' and experienced an irregular menstrual period (abnormal).
• Handling and Treatment of AIDS Although from different countries continue to perform researchnya in addressing HIV-AIDS, but until now no cure AIDS disease including serum or vaccine that can cure people of HIV virus causes AIDS. The purpose of the provision of medicines in people with AIDS is to help improve endurance, enhance quality of life for them that are known to the HIV virus in an effort to reduce the birth rate and death.

We all expected to not isolate and avoid people with HIV because they need help and support in order to continue to live without much expense and passed away into God with sincerity.

Read more...